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1.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 31-35, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-798878

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To understand the relationship between visual impairment and risk of all-cause mortality in the elderly aged 65 years and older in 8 longevity areas in China.@*Methods@#The data of the elderly aged 65 years and older in the project in 2012 were obtained from Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study, a sub-cohort of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, including physical measurement and survival status, and a follow-up for survival outcomes were conducted in 2014 and 2017 respectively. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the influence of visual impairment on mortality. Gender and age specific analysis was conducted.@*Results@#A total of 1 736 elderly adults were included. A total of 943 deaths occurred during the 5-year follow-up period with a 5-year mortality rate of 54.3%. The 5-year mortality rate was 76.7% in the group with visual impairment, and 47.6% in the group without visual impairment (P<0.001). After adjusting for demographic information, life style and some disease factors, the risk of 5-year mortality in the group with visual impairment group was 1.30 times higher than that in the group without visual impairment (HR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.09-1.55). In the females, the risk for mortality in the group with visual impairment was 1.48 times higher than that in the group without visual impairment (HR=1.48, 95%CI:1.20-1.84). However, vision status was not associated with the risk for mortality in males (HR=1.02, 95%CI: 0.72-1.43). The risk for mortality in the group with visual impairment was 1.39 times higher than that in the group without visual impairment in the elderly aged over 90 years (HR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.13-1.70). Vision status was not associated with mortality risk in the elderly aged 65-79 years and 80-89 years (HR=1.37, 95%CI: 0.61-3.07; HR=0.95, 95%CI: 0.61-1.48).@*Conclusion@#In the elderly people in China, visual impairment is a risk factor for mortality.

2.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 586-590, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-817315

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the in vitro quality consistency of domestic Nitroglycerin table t imitative preparation and reference preparation (original drug ). METHODS :The contents of nitroglycerin and related substances in 1 batch of Nitroglycerin tablet reference preparation (manufacturer A )and 4 batches of imitative preparation (manufacturer B ,C,D,E) were determined according to Nitroglycerin Tablet Import Drugs Registration Standard JX 20010267. The paddle method of dissolution determination method was adopted ,with the rotating speed of 50 r/min. HPLC method was adopted to determine the dissolution amount of 5 batches of above preparations in 4 kinds of dissolution mediums (pH 1.2 hydrochloric acid solution ,pH 4.0 acetate buffer solution ,pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution ,water) within 10 min.The accumulative dissolution rate was calculated,and dissolution curves of samples were drawn.The similarity of the dissolution curves was evaluated by calculating similarity factor (f2)of 2,5,8 min accumulative dissolution rate. RESULTS :The contents of nitroglycerin in the preparations from manufacturer A ,B,C,D,E were 99.8%,98.3%,94.0%,93.3%,96.7%,respectively(n=2);the contents of related substance were 0.46%,0.55%,0.63%,0.72%,0.49%,respectively(n=2). Using reference preparation of manufacturer A as control,f2 of imitative preparation from manufacturer B ,C,D,E were 74,28,25,67 in pH 1.2 hydrochloric acid solution ;76, 26,28,84 in pH 4.0 acetate buffer solution ;79,39,35,71 in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution ;69,32,37,62 in water , respectively. CONCLUSIONS :The method is suitable for in vitro quality consistency evaluation of Nitroglycerin table timitative preparation. Compared with reference preparation ,the contents of main components in the imitative preparations from manufacturer C,D are lower ;in vitro dissolution curves of those imitative preparation are not similar to reference preparation .

3.
Journal of Southern Medical University ; (12): 733-740, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-828857

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To survey the residents for their understanding of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) in two hard hit provinces of China to facilitate the governmental decisions on strategies against the disease.@*METHODS@#We invited the participants from Hubei and Henan Provinces of China for an internetbased survey starting from 12:00 on February 21, 2020 to 12:00 on February 23. The survey included the general conditions, KAP of COVID-19, psychological status and living conditions of the residents.@*RESULTS@#The effective response rate of the questionnaire was 98.9%. The mean (P25, P75) age of the participants was 19 (16, 40) years, and 54.3% of them were students. Social media were the most important source of information concerning the pandemic of the respondents. The respondents had a high awareness of person-to-person transmission of the virus through the respiratory tract or droplets but showed a relatively low level of awareness of the population susceptible to COVID-19 and its specific symptoms. The results of multivariate analysis showed that women, undergraduate students (including college students) and higher degree holders had better knowledge of COVID-19 ( < 0.05); the proportion of respondents who expressed to have different levels of psychological stressed such as worry, anxiety and panic reached 77.2%; 16.7% of the responders considered psychological interventions necessary for their psychological conditions; 63.6% of the respondents confessed a bias against the people returning from Hubei and Henan provinces, while 22.4% worried that they might be biased because of their residence in Hubei and Henan. The rate of personal protective equipment shortage was as high as 69.4%; the rates of the responders who would "covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing", "properly use masks in accordance with regulations", "maintain proper hand hygiene ", "avoid gatherings with relatives and friends" and "refrain from going to public places" were 92.4%, 95.9%, 93.5%, 88.8% and 93.1%, respectively. Women and groups with good knowledge of the disease reported better protective behaviors against the diseases ( < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The residents in Hubei and Henan Provinces have generally good KAP related to COVID-19, and the online platforms plays a positive role to in circulating epidemic-related information. It is essential to further increase the supply of the protective materials and pay more attention to the mental health of the residents during the pandemic, and psychological counseling and psychological protection should be provided if necessary.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Attitude , Betacoronavirus , Coronavirus Infections , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral
4.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 2332-2336, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-817135

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the similarity of in vitro dissolution curve between the generic drugs and the reference preparation (original drugs) of the domestic Cyclosporine soft capsules in 6 dissolution mediums. METHODS: The dissolution test was performed with paddle method. 2% SDS water solution, 2% SDS pH 1.2 hydrochloric acid solution, 2% SDS water solution, 2% SDS pH 4.5 acetate buffer solution, 2% SDS pH 5.5 acetate buffer solution, 2% SDS pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution and 2% SDS simulated gastric fluid were used as the dissolution medium, and the rotation speed was 50 r /min. HPLC method was used. The determination was performed on Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile phosphate solution (73 ∶ 27 ∶ 0.25,V/V/V),the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 226 nm, the column temperature was 60 ℃, and sample size was 20 μL. The dissolution curves in 6 medium were drawn and the similarity factor (f2) was used to investigate the similarity between the samples from 3 domestic manufacturers (5 batches) and a batch of original drugs. RESULTS: The linear range of cyclosporine was 5-250 μg/mL (r=0.999 6-0.999 9); RSDs of precision, stability (12 h) and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0% (n=6 or 7); the recoveries were 98.4%-99.7% (RSD<2.0%, n=9). The cumulative dissolution of 6 batches of samples within 15 min reached 85% in 2% SDS pH 1.2 hydrochloric acid solution and 2% SDS simulated gastric juice. f2 of the dissolution curve of 5 batches of generic and original drugs of Cyclosporine soft capsules were 75, 45, 57, 42, 83 in 2% SDS water solution and 44, 76, 38, 32, 76 in 2% SDS pH 4.5 acetate buffer solution 76, 47, 49, 40, 79 in 2% SDS pH 5.5 acetate buffer solution and 52, 49, 55, 48, 80 in 2% SDS pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There have differences in the similarity of the dissolution curve between the domestic generic and the original drugs of 5 batches of Cyclosporin soft capsule from 3 domestic manufacturers.

5.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 780-784, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-817042

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for simultaneous determination of residual solvents in phenylbutazone raw material. METHODS: Head-space GC was adopted. The determination was performed on Agilent HP-5 capillary column by temperature programming. The temperature of injector was 200 ℃, and detector was flame ionization detector with temperature of 250 ℃; carrier gas was nitrogen (purity:99.99%) at the flow rate of 2.0 mL/min. The split ratio was 5 ∶ 1. Headspace equilibrium temperature was 60 ℃, and equilibration time was 30 min. The sample size was 1 mL. RESULTS: The linear range was 0.15-4.5   μg/mL for methanol (r=0.999 9), 0.25-7.5 μg/mL for ethanol (r=0.999 7), 0.25-7.5 μg/mL for isopropyl alcohol (r=0.999 7), 0.03-0.9 μg/mL for dichloromethane (r=0.999 3), 0.25-7.5 μg/mL for ethyl acetate (r=0.999 3), 0.044-1.32 μg/mL for N,N-dimethyl formamide (r=0.999 3), respectively. The limits of detection were 0.05, 0.08, 0.08, 0.01, 0.08, 0.015 μg/mL. The limits of quantitation were 0.15, 0.25, 0.25, 0.03, 0.25, 0.044 μg/mL. RSDs of precision test were lower than 2.0%. RSDs of stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 3.0%. The recoveries were 98.75%-100.12% (RSD=0.56%, n=9), 98.07%-101.20% (RSD=1.12%, n=9), 98.36%-100.80% (RSD=0.92%, n=9), 98.33%-101.67% (RSD=0.98%, n=9), 98.11%-100.40% (RSD=0.72%, n=9) and 98.75%-101.05% (RSD=0.89%, n=9). CONCLUSIONS: The method is simple, accurate, precise, stable, reproducible and durable, and can be used for simultaneous determination of 6 residual solvents in phenylbutazone raw material.

6.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 2573-2574,2575, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-605729

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of content and content uniformity in Bisacodyl enter-ic-coated tablet. METHODS:HPLC method was performed on the column of Agilent ZORBAX C18 with mobile phase of acetoni-trile-20 mmol/L ammonium acetate(adjusted pH to 5.0 with acetic acid)(55∶45,V/V),the detection wavelength was 265 nm,col-umn temperature was 30℃,flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,and the volume injection was 20 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of bisaco-dyl was 50-1 000 μg/ml(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 1%;recovery was 99.50%-101.17%(RSD=0.5%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is reproducible with high accuracy,and suitable for the quali-ty control of Bisacodyl enteric-coated tablet.

7.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 2995-2997, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-504708

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of related substances in bisacodyl raw material and enteric-coated tablet. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Hibar C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-20 mmol/L ammonium acetate (acetic acid adjust pH to 5.0)(55∶45,V/V),detection wavelength was 265 nm,flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, column temperature was 30℃,and the injection volume was 20 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of bisacodyl was 0.25-5.0 mg/ml (r=0.999 9);the limits of detection and quantification were 19-25 ng and 61-68 ng for bisacodyl and impurity A,B,C,D and E;RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2%;recovery was 99.50%-101.00%(RSD=0.5%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is specific, sensitive and reproducible, and can be used for the determination of related substance in bisacodyl raw material and enteric-coated tablet.

8.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 94-7, 2013.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-445507

ABSTRACT

This paper reports the establishment of a method for rapid identification 15 effective components of anti common cold medicine (paracetamol, aminophenazone, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, methylephedrine hydrochloride, caffeine, amantadine hydrochloride, phenazone, guaifenesin, chlorphenamine maleate, dextromethorphen hydrobromide, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, promethazine hydrochloride, propyphenazone, benorilate and diclofenac sodium) with MRM by LC-MS/MS. The samples were extracted by methanol and were separated from a Altantis T3 column within 15 min with a gradient of acetonitrile-ammonium acetate (containing 0.25% glacial acetic acid), a tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization source (ESI) was used in positive ion mode, and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was performed for qualitative analysis of these compounds. The minimum detectable quantity were 0.33-2.5 microg x kg(-1) of the 15 compounds. The method is simple, accurate and with good reproducibility for rapid identification many components in the same chromatographic condition, and provides a reference for qualitative analysis illegally added chemicals in anti common cold medicine.

9.
China Pharmacy ; (12)2007.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-532950

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determination of the dissolution of lovastatin tablets and to investigate the dissolution of it from different manufactures.METHODS:HPLC was employed for content determination with Alltima C18 chromatographic column,and the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.01% phosphoric acid(60∶40)with the detective wavelength set at 238 nm.The dissolution was determined by paddle method with 2% sodium lauryl sulphate-phosphate buffered solution(pH 7.0)as medium at a rotation speed of 50 r?min-1,and the sampling time was 30 min.The dissolution rates of 12 batches of samples from 6 manufacturers were determined.RESULTS:The linear range of lovastatin was 4.88~195.2 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9)and its average recovery rate was 97.7%(RSD=1.3%,n=9).Of the 12 batches of samples,3 batches from 2 manufacturers had dissolution rates of less than 80%,and the other batches stood at 80%~101%.CONCLUSION:The method is accurate,reproducible and simple,and it is effective in the quality control of lovastatin tablets.

10.
China Pharmacy ; (12)2005.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-533943

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To develop a rapid, accurate and sensitive method for the determination of nifedipine, nitrendipine and nimodipine which were added into traditional patent medicine illegally. METHODS: The LC-MS method was used to detect the extractive of Chinese patent medicine for antihypertension in respects of relative molecular mass, tandem mass spectrometry fragment, retention time, UV spectrum. The compounds added into the Chinese patent medicine were identified by comparing with standard sample in terms of spectrum, chromatographic and mass spectrometric behavior. RESULTS: According to four aspects of determination, nifedipine, nitrendipine and nimodipine were found in three kinds of Chinese patent medicine for antihypertension. CONCLUSION: The method is selective and sensitive for the detection of nifedipine, nitrendipine and nimodipine which were added into traditional patent medicine illegally.

11.
China Pharmacy ; (12)1991.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-533387

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the uncertainty of determination of western medicine composition illegally added into Chinese patent drug and find out the effect factors of uncertainty in order to provide scientific basis for evaluating test report. METHODS: Antler tablets were tool as example. Qualitative analysis of additive composition was carried out using HPLC-MS method and the content of sildenafil citrate in each tablet was determined. Uncertainty of test was evaluated according to the regulation specified in Evaluation and Expression of Measurement of Uncertainty (JJF1059-1999). RESULTS: The uncertainty of the test is 0.10 mg in each tablet. CONCLUSION: The uncertainty of the experiment is mainly caused by non homogeneity of sample.

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